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　　鉻是使不鏽鋼獲得耐蝕性的基本元素，當鋼中含鉻量達到12％左右時，鉻與腐蝕介質中的氧作用，在鋼表面形成一層很薄的氧化膜（ 自鈍化膜），可阻止鋼的基體進一步腐蝕。除鉻外，常用的合金元素還有鎳、鉬、鈦、鈮、銅、氮等，以滿足各種用途對不鏽鋼組織和性能的要求。

　　不鏽鋼通常按基體組織分為：

　　1、鐵素體不鏽鋼。含鉻12％～30％。其耐蝕性、韌性和可焊性隨含鉻量的增加而提高 ， 耐氯化物應力腐蝕性能優于其他種類不鏽鋼。

　　2、奧氏體不鏽鋼。含鉻大於18％，還含有 8％左右的鎳及少量鉬、鈦、氮等元素。綜合性能好，可耐多種介質腐蝕。

　　3、奧氏體 - 鐵素體雙相不鏽鋼。兼有奧氏體和鐵素體不鏽鋼的優點，並具有超塑性。

　　4、馬氏體不鏽鋼。強度高，但塑性和可焊性較差。

不鏽鋼作用

　　不鏽鋼不會產生腐蝕、點蝕、鏽蝕或磨損。不鏽鋼還是建築用金屬材料中強度最高的材料之一。由於不鏽鋼具有良好的耐腐蝕性，所以它能使結構部件永久地保持工程設計的完整性。含鉻不鏽鋼還集機械強度和高延伸性于一身，易於部件的加工製造，可滿足建築師和結構設計人員的需要

★歐洲標準化委員會(CEN)不鏽鋼和耐熱鋼:

X2CrNi12 X2CrTi12 X6CrNiTi12 X6Cr13 X6CrAl13 X2CrTi17 X6Cr17 X3CrTi17 X1CrNb15 X3CrNb17 X6CrMo17-1 X6CrMoS17 X2CrMoTi17-1 X2CrMoTi18-2 X2CrMoTiS18-2 X6CrNi17-1 X5CrNiMoTi15-2 X6CrMoNb17-1 X2CrNbZr17 X2CrTiNb18 X2CrMoTi29-4 1.4003 1.4512 1.4520 1.4016 1.4510 1.4595 1.4511 1.4113 1.4105 1.4513 1.4521 1.4523 1.4017 1.4589 1.4526 1.4590 1.4509 1.4592 X12Cr13 X12CrS13 X15Cr13 X20Cr13 X30Cr13 X29CrS13 X39Cr13 X38CrMo14 X55CrMo14 X50CrMoV15 X70CrMo15 X40CrMoVN16-2 X14CrMoS17 X39CrMo17-1 X105CrMo17 X90CrMoV18 X17CrNi16-2 X1CrNiMoCu12-5-2 X2CrNiMoV13-5-2 X3CrNiMo13-4 X4CrNiMo16-5-1 X1CrNiMoAlTi12-9-2 X1CrNiMoAlTi12-10-2 X5CrNiCuNb16-4 X7CrNiAl17-7 X5CrNiMoCuNb14-5 X5NiCrTiMoVB25-15-2 1.4006 1.4005 1.4024 1.4021 1.4028 1.4029 1.4031 1.4034 1.4035 1.4419 1.4110 1.4116 1.4109 1.4123 1.4104 1.4122 1.4125 1.4112 1.4057 1.4422 1.4423 1.4415 1.4313 1.4418 1.4530 1.4596 1.4542 1.4568 1.4594 1.4606 X5CrNi17-7 X9CrNi18-9 X2CrNiN18-7 X2CrNi18-9 X2CrNi19-11 X5CrNiN19-9 X2CrNiN18-10 X5CrNi18-10 X8CrNiS18-9 X6CrNiTi18-10 X6CrNiNb18-10 X4CrNi18-12 X1CrNi25-21 X2CrNiMo17-12-2 X2CrNiMoN17-11-2 X5CrNiMo17-12-2 X1CrNiMoN25-22-2 X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2 X6CrNiMoNb17-12-2 X2CrNiMo17-12-3 X2CrNiMoN17-13-3 X3CrNiMo17-13-3 X3CrNiMo18-12-3 X2CrNiMo18-14-3 X2CrNiMoN18-12-4 X2CrNiMo18-15-4 X2CrNiMoN17-13-5 X1CrNiMoCuN24-22-8 X1CrNiSi18-15-4 X11CrNiMnN19-8-6 X12CrMnNiN17-7-5 X2CrMnNiN17-7-5 X12CrMnNiN18-9-5 X8CrMnNiN18-9-5 X8CrMnCuNB17-8-3 X3CrNiCu19-9-2 X2CrNiCu19-10 X6CrNiCuS18-9-2 X3CrNiCu18-9-4 X3CrNiCuMo17-11-3-2 X1NiCrMoCu31-27-4 1.4319 1.4310 1.4325 1.4318 1.4307 1.4306 1.4315 1.4311 1.4301 1.4305 1.4541 1.4550 1.4303 1.4335 1.4404 1.4406 1.4401 1.4466 1.4571 1.4580 1.4432 1.4429 1.4436 1.4449 1.4435 1.4434 1.4438 1.4439 1.4652 1.4361 1.4369 1.4372 1.4371 1.4373 1.4374 1.4597 1.4560 1.4650 1.4570 1.4567 1.4578 1.4563 X1NiCrMoCu25-20-5 X1CrNiMoCuN25-25-5 X1CrNiMoCuN20-18-7 X2CrNiMoCuS17-10-2 X1CrNiMoCuNW24-22-6 X1NiCrMoCuN25-20-7 X2NiCrAlTi32-20 X2CrNiMnMoN25-18-6-5 X2CrNiN23-4 X2CrNiCuN23-4 X3CrNiMoN27-5-2 X2CrNiMoN29-7-2 X2CrNiMoN22-5-3 X2CrNiMoCuN25-6-3 X2CrNiMoN25-7-4 X2CrNiMoCuWN25-7-4 X2CrNiMoSi18-5-3 X10CrAlSi7 X10CrAlSi13 X10CrAlSi18 X10CrAlSi25 X18CrN28 X3CrAlTi18-2 X8CrNiTi18-10 X15CrNiSi20-12 X9CrNiSiNCe21-11-2 X12CrNi23-13 X8CrNi25-21 X15CrNiSi25-21 X12NiCrSi35-16 X10NiCrAlTi32-21 X6NiCrNbCe32-27 X25CrMnNiN25-9-7 X6CrNiSiNCe19-10 X6NiCrSiNCe35-25 X10NiCrSi35-19 X10NiCrSiNb35-22 X15CrNiSi25-4 1.4539 1.4537 1.4547 1.4598 1.4659 1.4529 1.4558 1.4565 1.4362 1.4655 1.4460 1.4477 1.4462 1.4507 1.4410 1.4501 1.4424 1.4713 1.4724 1.4742 1.4762 1.4749 1.4736 1.4878 1.4858 1.4835 1.4833 1.4845 1.4841 1.4864 1.4876 1.4877 1.4872 1.4818 1.4854 1.4886 1.4887 1.4821 X10CrMoVNb9-1 X11CrMoWVNb9-1-1 X8CrCoNiMo10-6 X19CrMoNbVN11-1 X20CrMoV11-1 X22CrMoV12-1 X20CrMoWV12-1 X12CrNiMoV12-3 X3CrNiMoBN17-13-3 X7CrNiNb18-10 X6CrNiMoB17-12-2 X6CrNiTiB18-10 X6CrNiWNbN16-16 X6CrNi18-10 X6CrNi23-13 X6CrNi25-20 X5NiCrAlTi31-20 X8NiCrAlTi32-21 X8CrNiNb16-13 X12CrNiWTiB16-13 X12CrCoNi21-20 X6NiCrTiMoVB25-15-2 X8CrNiMoNb16-16 X10CrNiMoMnNbVB15-10-1 X6CrNiMoTiB17-13 X7CrNiMoBNb16-16 X8CrNiMoVNb16-13 X7CrNiTi18-10 X6CrNiMo17-13-2 NiCr26MoW NiCr20Co18Ti NiCr25FeAlY NiCr29Fe NiCr20Cr20MoTi NiCr23Co12Mo NiCr22Fe18Mo NiCr19Fe19Nb5Mo3 NiCr15Fe7TiAl NiCr20TiAl NiCr25Co20TiMo CoCr20W15Ni NiCr15Fe NiCr20Ti NiCr22Mo9Nb NiCr23Fe NiCr28FeSiCe 1.4903 1.4905 1.4911 1.4913 1.4922 1.4923 1.4935 1.4938 1.4910 1.4912 1.4919 1.4941 1.4945 1.4948 1.4950 1.4951 1.4958 1.4959 1.4961 1.4962 1.4971 1.4980 1.4981 1.4982 1.4983 1.4986 1.4988 1.4940 1.4918 2.4608 2.4632 2.4633 2.4642 2.4650 2.4654 2.4663 2.4665 2.4668 2.4669 2.4952 2.4878 2.4816 2.4951 2.4856 2.4851 2.4889 X45CrSi9-2 X40CrSiMo10-2 X85CrMoV18-2 X55CrMnNiN20-8 X53CrMnNiN21-9 X50CrMnNiNbN21-9 X53CrMnNiNbN21-9 X33CrNiMnN23-8 NiFe25Cr20NbTi NiCr20TiAl 1.4718 1.4731 1.4748 1.4875 1.4871 1.4882 1.4870 1.4866 1.4966 2.4955 2.4952 

★美國不鏽耐熱鋼"

201 202 205 301 302 302B 303 303Se 304 304H 304L 304LN S30430 304N 305 308 309 309S 310 310S 314 316 S20100 S20200 S20500 S30100 S30200 S30215 S30300 S30323 S30400 S30409 S30403 S30453 S30430 S30451 S30500 S30800 S30900 S30908 S31000 S31008 S31400 S31600 316F 316H 316L 316LN 316N 317 317L 321 321H 329 330 347 347H 348 348H 384 405 409 429 430 430F 430FSe 434 436 442 446 403 410 414 416 416Se 420 420F 422 431 440A 440B 440C 501 501A 501B 502 503 504 PH13-8Mo 15-5PH 17-4PH 17-7PH S31620 S31609 S31603 S31653 S31651 S31700 S31703 S32100 S32109 S32900 N08330 S34700 S34709 S34800 S34809 S38400 S40500 S40900 S42900 S43000 S43020 S43023 S43400 S43600 S44200 S44600 S40300 S41000 S41400 S41600 S41623 S42000 S42020 S44002 S44003 S44004 S50100 S50300 S50400 S50200 S50300 S50400 S13800 S15500 S17400 S17700 216型(XM17) 304HN型 308型 308L型 309S型 309SCb型309Cb+Ta型 312型 317LM型 330HC型 332型 385型 904L 18-18-2(XM.15) 18-18Plus 20Cb-3 Al-6X 303PlusX(XM-15) HNM Crutemp25 JS-700 JS-777 Nitronic32 Nitronic33 Nitronic40(21-6-9)(XM-10) Nitronic50(22-13-5)(XM-19) Nitronic60 Tenelon(XM-31) Cryogenic Tenelon(XM-14) 404型 430Ti型 444(18-2)型 18SR 18-2FM EBrite26-1(XM-27) 26-1Ti(XM-33) 29-4 29-4-2 MoNIT Sea-cure/Sc-1 410Cb(XM-30)型 410S型 414L型 416Plus(XM-6) AM-350(633型) AM-355(634型) AM-363 Cistom450(XM-25) Cistom455(XM-16) PH15-7Mo(632型) StainlessW(635型) 17-10P S21600 S30452 S30800 S30908 S30940 N08904 S38100 S28200 N08020 N08307 N08700 S24100 S24000 S21900 S20910 S21800 S21400 S214600 S43036 S44400 S18200 S44625 S44626 S44700 S44800 S44625 S44626 S44700 S44800 S44635 S44660 S41040 S41008 S41610 S35000 S35500 S45000 S45500 S15700 S15600 

★英國不鏽耐熱鋼:

201 202 205 301 302 302B 304S15 310S24 315S16 316S12 316S16 317S12 317S16 320S17 321S12 321S20 325S21 336S36 331S40 347S17 349S52 349S54 352S52 352S54 381S34 401S45 403S17 410S21 416S21 416S29 416S37 416S41 420S29 420S37 420S45 430S15 431S29 441S29 441S49 443S65 304S11 304S31 304S51 304S61 304S71 316S11 316S13 316S31 58A 58M 58E 58H 58J 58B+58C 58M 54 54A 58F+58G 52 56A 56AM 316S33 316S51 316S53 316S61 316S63 316S65 316S67 321S31 321S51-490 321S51-510 347S31 347S51 En56A En56B En56C En56D En57 En58A En58B En58C En58D En58E En58F En58G En58H En58J HR51 HR52 HR650 2S.129 2S.130 2S.131 2S.137 2S.143 2S.144 2S.145 3S.61 3S.62 2S.111 2S.124 S.125 S.126 S.127 S.128 5S.80 S.150 S.151 S.152 S.205 S.524 S.525 S.526 S.527 S.530 S.532 S.533 S536 S.537 S.538 

★法國不鏽耐熱鋼:

Z01CD26.01 Z1CDNb26.01 Z1CN20.10 Z1CNS18.15 Z1NCDU25.20 Z2CDNb26.01 Z2CN18.09 Z2CN18.10(Az) Z2CN20.10 Z2CN24.13 Z2CND17.12(Az) Z2CND17.13(Az) Z2CND18.11 Z2CND19.13 Z2CND19.15(Az) Z2CND20.10 Z2CNDS19.13 Z2CNDU17.16 Z2CND20.10 Z2CNDS19.13 Z2CNDU17.16 Z2CNNb25.20 Z2CNS20.10 Z3C14 Z3CMN18.8.07(Az) Z5CN18.09(Az) Z5CNDU21.08 Z6C13 Z6CA13 Z6CDF18.02 Z6CN18.09 Z6CND16.04.01 Z6CND17.11 Z6CND17.12 Z6CND17.12B Z6CNDNb17.12 Z6CNDNb17.13 Z6CNDNb19.13 Z6CNDT17.12 Z6CNDT17.13 Z6CNNb18.10 Z6CNNb16.12B Z6CNNb20.10 Z6CNT18.10 Z6CNT18.11 Z6CNT18.12B Z6CNU17.04 Z6CNU18.10 Z6CNUD15.04 Z6CT12 Z6NC18.16 Z6NCTDV25.16B Z8C17 Z8CA7 Z8CD17.01 Z8CN13.13 Z8CN(A)17.07 Z8CN18.12 Z8CN20.11 Z8CNb17 Z10CF17 Z10CN18.09 Z10CNT18.11 Z10CNWT17.13B Z12C13 Z12CF13 Z12CN17.07 Z12CN17.08 Z12CN18.07 Z12CN18.10 Z12CN25.20 Z12CN30.10 Z12CND16.04 Z12CNS25.20 Z12NC37.18 Z12NCS37.18 Z12NCS37.16 Z15C13 Z15CN16.02 Z15CN20.12 Z15CN24.13 Z15CNM19.08 Z15CNS20.12 Z20C13 Z20CD14 Z20CN18.08 Z20CNS25.04 Z25CNWS20.09 Z25NC20.12 Z30C13 Z30CF13 Z30C14 Z35CNWS14.14 Z40C13 Z40C14 Z40CSD10 Z42CNKDWNb Z45CS9 Z50C14 Z50CD13 Z50CD14 Z52CMN21.09 Z70C15 Z70CD14 Z80CSN20.02 Z100CD17 Z110CD17 Z20CDNbV11 Z10CNU17.04 Z4CND16.05 Z3CN19.10 Z3CND17.12 Z3CND19.15 

★德國不鏽耐熱鋼:

X7Cr13 X7Cr14 X7CrAl13 X12CrS13 X10Cr13 X8Cr17 X20Cr13 X15Cr13 X46Cr13 X22CrNi17 X12CrMoS17 X100CrMo13 X65CrMo14 X55CrMo14 X110CrMoV15 X90CMoV18 X6CrMo17 X45CuMoV15 X38CrMoV15 X15CrMo13 X20CrMo13 X35CrMo17 X105CrMo17 X5CrNi189 X5CrNi1911 X12CrNiS188 X2CrNi189 X12CrNi177 X2CrNiN1810 X2NiCr1815 X5CrNiMo1810 X2CrNiMo1810 X2CrNiMoN1812 X2CrNiMoN1813 X2CrNiMo1812 X5CrNiMo1812 X2CrNiMo1816 X3CrNiMoN17135 X5CrNiMo1713 X8CrNiMo275 X12CrNiMoN225 X5NiCrMoCuNb2018 X5NiCrMoCuTi2018 X8CrTi17 X8CrNb17 X5CrTi12 X8CrMoTi17 X90CrCoMoV17 X2NiCrMoCu25205 X10CrNiTi189 X5CrNiNb189 X10CrNiNb189 X10CrNiMoTi1810 X10CrNiMoTi1812 X5CrNiMoTi2525 X10CrNiMoNb1810 X4CrNiMoNb257 X10CrNiMoNb1812 X5NiCrMoCuNb2218 X8CrCoNiMo106 X19CrMoVNbN111 X6CrNiMo1713 X15CrMo121 X19CrMo121 X20CrMoV121 X22CrMoV121 X20CrMoWV121 X6CrNiWNb1616 X6CrNi1811 X8CrNiNb1613 X12CrNiWTi1613 X8CrNiMoBNb1616 X8CrNiMoVNb1613 8CrSi77 X10CrSi6 X10CrAl7 X10CrSi13 X10CrAl3 X10CrSi18 X10CrAl18 X10CrAl24 X20CrNiS1254 X15CrNiSi2012 X15CrNiSi2520 X12CrNiTi189 8SiTi4 X7CrTi12 X7CrNi2314 65Si7 X50NiCrWV1313 X40MnCr18 X45SiCr4 X45CrSi93 X215Cr12 X40CrSiMo102 X80CrSiMoW152 X80CrNiSi20 X85CrMoV182 X53CrMoNiN219 X45CrNiW189 X55CrMnNiN208 X70CrMnNiN216 37MnSi5 X45CrNiMo235 X120Mn13 X35Mn18 X40MnCrN19 X40MnCr182 X40MnCr23 X40MnCr18 X50MnCrV2014 X4CrNi1813 X5MnCr1813 X4CrNiMoN1814 X2CrNiMo1815 X8CrNi1812 X5CrNi1811 X45MnNiCrV1376 X25CrNiMnP1810 X15CrNiMn1210 X8CrMnNi188 X50CrMnNiN229 X12MnCr1812 1.4000 1.4001 1.4002 1.4005 1.4006 1.4016 1.4021 1.4024 1.4034 1.4057 1.4104 1.4108 1.4109 1.4110 1.4111 1.4112 1.4113 1.4116 1.4117 1.4119 1.4120 1.4122 1.4125 1.4301 1.4303 1.4305 1.4306 1.4310 1.4311 1.4321 1.4401 1.4404 1.4406 1.4429 1.4543 1.4550 1.4571 1.4573 1.4577 1.4580 1.4582 1.4583 1.4586 1.4911 1.4913 1.4914 1.4919 1.4920 1.4921 1.4922 1.4923 1.4935 1.4945 1.4948 1.4961 1.4962 1.4986 1.4988 1.4700 1.4712 1.4713 1.4722 1.4724 1.4741 1.4742 1.4762 1.4821 1.4828 1.4841 1.4845 1.4861 1.4878 1.4710 1.4720 1.4833 1.0906 1.2731 1.3817 1.4704 1.4718 1.4721 1.4731 1.4732 1.4747 1.4748 1.4871 1.4873 1.4875 1.4881 1.5122 1.4994 1.3802 1.3805 1.3813 1.3815 1.3816 1.3817 1.3819 1.3941 1.3949 1.3952 1.3953 1.3956 1.3958 1.3960 1.3961 1.3962 1.3965 1.3967 1.3968

★日本不鏽耐熱鋼:

SUS201 SUS202 SUS301 SUS302 SUS303 SUS303SE SUS304 SUS304L SUS304LN SUS304N1 SUS304N2 SUS305 SUS309S SUS310S SUS316 SUS316J1 SUS316J1L SUS316L SUS316LN SUS316N SUS317L SUS321 SUS329J1 SUS347 SUS403 SUS405 SUS410 SUS410J1 SUS410L SUS416 SUS420F SUS420J1 SUS420J2 SUS430 SUS430F SUS431 SUS434 SUS440A SUS440B SUS440C SUS440F SUS447J1 SUS630 SUS631 SUSXM7 SUSXM15J1 SUSXM27 SUH1 SUH3 SUH4 SUH11 SUH31 SUH35 SUH36 SUH37 SUH38 SUH309 SUH310 SUH330 SUH446 SUH600 SUH616 SH660 SUH661 SUH21 SUH309 SUH310 SUH330 SUH409 SUH446 SUH660 SUH661 SUSY308 SUSY308L SUSY309 SUSY309MO SUSY310 SUSY310S SUSY316 SUSY316J1L SUSY316L SUSY317 SUSY321 SUSY347 SUSY410 SUSY321 SUSY347 SUSY410 SUS304LFB SUS310SFB SUS316FB SUS316HFB SUS316LFB SUS317LFB SUS321FB SUS321HFB SUS347FB SUS347HFB SUS329JIFB SUS403FB SUS410FB SUS410J1FB SUS420J1FB SUS420J2FB SUS431B SUS630FB SCS1 SCS2 SCS3 SCS4 SCS5 SCS11 SCS12 SCS13 SCS13A SCS14 SCS14A SCS15 SCS16 SCS16A SCS17 SCS18 SCS19 SCS19A SCS20 SCS21 SCS22 SCS23 SCS24 SCH1 SCH2 SCH3 SCH11 SCH12 SCH13 SCH15 SCH16